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Homily by D. Anselmo Chagas de Paiva, OSB – Twenty-Sixth Sunday in Ordinary Time – Year A

no name given · Presbíteros – Sonntagshomilien brasilianischer Bischoefe · 2026-09-25 · Source

Humility · main message Repentance · main message Truthfulness · carrying

It is not words but deeds of repentance and faith that determine whether someone fulfils the will of God and enters the Kingdom of God.

This parable teaches us that from God's perspective what matters is not who has behaved well and not scandalised the others; but who has truly fulfilled the will of the Father.

The homily explains the parable of the two sons (Mt 21,28-32) as Jesus' answer to the question about his authority. Jesus directs the parable at the high priests and elders, who although they agreed with the Law, rejected the message of John and of Jesus. The tax collectors and prostitutes, on the other hand, believed and did penance, which is why they come before them into the Kingdom of God. The central teaching is that it is not words but deeds of repentance and faith that count. The text applies this to the present: even today some say 'Yes' in the faith of baptism, but turn it into a 'No' in concrete life. The sermon calls for humility, which is regarded as the foundation of all virtues, and points to Christ as the model of the obedient servant. Paul's Christ hymn (Phil 2,5-8) is cited as evidence for the virtue of obedience. Benedict of Nursia is mentioned as a further point of reference for the praise of obedience.

Worldview

what this means
What, according to this text, is the root of the evil?
Sin, personal failure, guilt before God; Ignorance, illusion, a false view of reality
Where does the evil reside?
in the heart, the will, or the soul of the individual
What helps against it?
inner transformation, repentance, a change of mind; practical action towards the neighbour, good works
What is human being according to this text?
willed by God, with a task and a responsibility
Where is history heading?
a turning point, a coming, a new order is about to arrive (inferred)
What does the text base its claim on?
on the holy scripture of its own tradition; on the founder or prophet of the tradition
To whom does the text's call for devotion apply?
to one's own fellow believers
Where is the text's criticism directed?
explicitly at both

Related texts from other traditions

by similarity of the analysis, one text per tradition

What the text calls for

Passages cited

Mt 21,28-32 · Mt 21,23-27 · Lk 11,28 · Mt 7,21 · Mt 9,9f · Mt 5,20 · Phil 2,3 · Phil 2,5-8

Measured

Basic stance
1 from -2 to 2
Insistence
2 of 3
Reach
3 of 5
Concreteness
2 of 3
Boundary
2 of 3, named: Schriftgelehrte und Pharisäer, die dem Gesetz zustimmten, aber die Botschaft Jesu ablehnten
Time
past 2, present 2, future 1

Analysed with qwen3.8-27b, version v3. The same standards apply to every tradition, see Values.

Full text in English
Parable of the Two Sons Called to the Vineyard Mt 21,28-32 Dear brothers and sisters The Gospel text of this Sunday presents to us a scene that took place in the city of Jerusalem, where the Jewish leaders found Jesus in the Temple and asked Him with what authority He acted and what His credentials were (cf. Mt 21,23-27). Jesus responds by inviting them to pronounce themselves on the origin of the baptism of John. The Jewish leaders did not want to answer, for if they said that John the Baptist did not come from God, they feared the reaction of the crowd, since he was considered by many as a prophet; if they admitted that the baptism of John came from God, they feared a questioning by Jesus regarding their non-acceptance of his message. Subsequently, Jesus presents three parables, intended to illustrate the refusal of Israel to welcome the proposal of salvation. One of the parables illustrates two different attitudes of two sons in response to the father’s command. The two sons are invited by the father to go work in the vineyard. The first son answered: “‘I do not want to.’ But afterwards he changed his mind and went” (v. 29). The other son, on the contrary, said to the father: “‘Yes, sir, I will go.’ But he did not go” (v. 30). Then, Jesus asks which of the two fulfilled the will of the father; and the listeners answer: “The first” (v. 31). Jesus directs this parable to the chief priests and the elders of the people of Israel, that is, to the experts in religion of his people. They begin by saying “yes” to the will of God; but they did not accept the message of John the Baptist and that of Jesus. Therefore, the final words of the parable are strong: “Truly I tell you that the tax collectors and the prostitutes precede you into the Kingdom of God. For John came to you in a way of righteousness, and you did not believe in him. On the contrary, the tax collectors and the prostitutes believed in him. You, however, even seeing this, did not repent to believe in him” (v.31-32). This parable teaches us that, from God’s perspective, what is important is not who behaved well and did not scandalize others; but, who truly fulfilled the will of the Father. It is certain that the Pharisees, the priests, the elders of the people, said “yes” to God by accepting the Law of Moses, but, subsequently, they also refused to welcome the invitation of John to conversion, just like the son who said “yes,” and then did not go to work in the vineyard. This shows that it is not the words that count, but the action, the acts of conversion and of faith. John the Baptist showed the path of salvation, but, the scribes and the Pharisees, who boasted of being faithful followers of the divine will, did not give him importance. Theoretically, they were the fulfillers of the Law, however, they did not know how to be docile to the divine will, manifested also through the message of Christ. On the other hand, those who, at first, said “no,” for example, the tax collectors and the prostitutes, subsequently said “yes”: they welcomed the message and converted, accepting the proposal of the Kingdom presented by Jesus (v. 32). They heeded the call to conversion and repented: like the son who at first said “I will not go,” but then went. What is important is to do the will of God. Also in our days, God continues to have two sons: some, in baptism, say “yes,” but afterwards, in concrete life, they turn the “yes” into a “no.” We all must be aware that we too are called to work in the vineyard of the Lord. The calls of God, we know them through His Word, contained in Sacred Scripture. The Lord continues to tell us: “Blessed are those who hear the Word of God and put it into practice!” (Lc 11, 28). God does not take appearances into account, therefore, He affirms: “Not everyone who says to me: Lord, Lord, will enter the Kingdom of heaven, but rather the one who does the will of my Father who is in heaven” (Mt 7,21). It is not sufficient merely to hear the preaching, but it is necessary to put the teachings into practice. God respects our freedom; He does not constrain us. He awaits our “yes”. The son who went to work in the vineyard represents the sinners and the marginalized who accepted the message of Jesus. The evangelist Matthew himself is among them, for he was a tax collector (cf. Mt 9:9ff). Jesus shows that these will precede the others in the Kingdom of God. This phrasing “to precede, to enter first” is a way of affirming exclusion. It is not that the tax collectors and the prostitutes will enter first and the others will enter later. In fact, the former enter and the latter remain outside. And this is in accordance with the parable, for the younger son initially says “yes,” but does not go to work in the vineyard. This is also what Jesus affirms: “I tell you, if your righteousness does not exceed that of the scribes and the Pharisees, you will not enter the Kingdom of heaven” (Mt 5:20). The parable seeks to emphasize that we must be humble, imitating Christ himself, who faithfully fulfilled the will of the Father. This is what Saint Paul tells us in the second reading: “Do nothing from rivalry or vanity, but in all humility, each of you should consider others better than yourselves” (Phil 2:3). These are the same sentiments of Christ who, stripped of divine glory for love of us, became man and humbled himself even to death on the cross (cf. Phil 2:5-8). The appeal to humility, to detachment, to the gift of life that Paul makes to the Philippians, is also directed to all of us: the Christian must take as an example this Christ, the suffering and humble servant, who made his life a gift to all. In this reading, Saint Paul underlines the love of Jesus Christ through the virtue of obedience. In those times, death by crucifixion was the most infamous, for it was reserved for the worst criminals. This is why the highest expression of Christ’s love for the Father’s salvific plans consisted in being obedient unto death. Christ obeys out of love; this is the meaning of Christian obedience. Obedience is the opposite of pride, which inclines us to do our own will. Saint Benedict, in his Rule, makes great praise of obedience, while at the same time condemning pride (cf. RB 7). For the disciples of Jesus, humility is a virtue. The Latin word “humilitas” has to do with “humus,” that is, with adherence to the earth, to reality. Humble people live with both feet on the ground; but above all, they listen to Christ, the Word of God, who uninterruptedly renews each one of us. It is humility that makes us conscious each day that it is not we who build the Kingdom of God, but it is always the grace of the Lord that acts in us; it is humility that drives us to devote ourselves entirely to the service of Christ, being faithful workers of his vineyard. Let us ask the Lord to grant us the grace to always progress in humility, the foundation of all virtues, for through humility we recognize our smallness before the greatness of the Lord, who at every moment calls us to work in his vineyard. So be it. Anselmo Chagas de Paiva, OSB Monastery of Saint Benedict/RJ The post Homily of Dom Anselmo Chagas de Paiva, OSB – Twenty-Sixth Sunday in Ordinary Time – Year A appeared first on Presbíteros.
Full text in the original
Parábola dos dois filhos chamados à vinha Mt 21,28-32 Caros irmãos e irmãs O texto evangélico deste domingo nos apresenta uma cena ocorrida na cidade de Jerusalém, onde os líderes judeus encontraram Jesus no Templo e perguntaram a Ele com que autoridade agia e quais eram as suas credenciais (cf. Mt 21,23-27). Jesus responde convidando-os a pronunciarem-se sobre a origem do batismo de João. Os líderes judaicos não quiseram responder, pois se dissessem que João Batista não vinha de Deus, temiam a reação da multidão, por ser considerado por muitos como um profeta; se admitissem que o batismo de João viesse de Deus, temiam eles um questionamento de Jesus acerca da não aceitação da sua mensagem. Na sequência, Jesus apresenta três parábolas, destinadas a ilustrar a recusa de Israel em acolher a proposta de salvação. Uma das parábolas ilustra duas atitudes diversas de dois filhos mediante a ordem do pai. Os dois filhos são convidados pelo pai para irem trabalhar na vinha. O primeiro filho respondeu: “‘Não quero’. Mas depois mudou de opinião e foi” (v. 29). O outro filho, ao contrário, disse ao pai: “‘Sim, senhor, eu vou’. Mas não foi” (v. 30). Em seguida, Jesus pergunta sobre qual dos dois cumprira a vontade do pai; e os ouvintes respondem: “O primeiro” (v. 31). Jesus dirige esta parábola aos sumos sacerdotes e aos anciãos do povo de Israel, isto é, aos peritos de religião do seu povo. Eles começam por dizer “sim” à vontade de Deus; mas não aceitaram a mensagem de João Batista e a de Jesus. Por isso, as palavras finais da parábola são fortes: “Em verdade vos digo que os cobradores de impostos e as prostitutas vos precedem no Reino de Deus. Porque João veio até vós, num caminho de justiça, e vós não acreditastes nele. Ao contrário, os cobradores de impostos e as prostitutas creram nele. Vós, porém, mesmo vendo isso, não vos arrependestes para crer nele” (v.31-32). Esta parábola nos ensina que, na perspectiva de Deus, o importante não é quem se comportou bem e não escandalizou os outros; mas, quem cumpriu realmente, a vontade do Pai. É certo que os fariseus, os sacerdotes, os anciãos do povo, disseram “sim” a Deus ao aceitar a Lei de Moisés, mas, posteriormente, eles também se recusaram a acolher o convite de João à conversão, assim como o filho que disse “sim”, e depois não foi trabalhar na vinha. Isto mostra que não são as palavras que contam, mas o agir, os atos de conversão e de fé. João Batista mostrou o caminho da salvação, mas, os escribas e os fariseus, que se envaideciam por serem fiéis seguidores da vontade divina, não lhe deram importância. Teoricamente, eram os cumpridores da Lei, porém, não souberam ser dóceis ao querer divino, manifestado também através da mensagem de Cristo. Em contrapartida, aqueles que, num primeiro momento disseram “não”, por exemplo, os cobradores de impostos e as prostitutas, posteriormente disseram “sim”: acolheram a mensagem e se converteram, acolhendo a proposta do Reino apresentada por Jesus (v. 32). Atenderam ao apelo à conversão e arrependeram-se: como o filho que em princípio disse “não vou”, mas depois foi. O importante é fazer a vontade de Deus. Também em nossos dias, Deus continua tendo dois filhos: alguns, no batismo, dizem “sim”, mas depois, na vida concreta, transformam o “sim” em “não”. Todos nós devemos ter consciência de que também somos chamados a trabalhar na vinha do Senhor. Os chamados de Deus, nós os conhecemos pela Sua Palavra, contida na Sagrada Escritura. O Senhor continua a nos dizer: “Felizes os que ouvem a Palavra de Deus e a põem em prática!” (Lc 11, 28). Deus não leva em conta as aparências, por isso, afirma: “Nem todo aquele que me diz: Senhor, Senhor, entrará no Reino dos céus, mas sim aquele que faz a vontade de meu Pai que está nos céus” (Mt 7,21). Não é suficiente apenas ouvir a pregação, mas é necessário colocar em prática os ensinamentos. Deus respeita a nossa liberdade; não nos constrange. Ele aguarda o nosso “sim”. O filho que foi trabalhar na vinha representa os pecadores e os marginalizados que aceitaram a mensagem de Jesus. O próprio evangelista Mateus está entre eles, pois ele era cobrador de impostos (cf. Mt 9,9s). Jesus mostra que estes irão preceder os demais no Reino de Deus. Este linguajar “preceder, entrar antes” é um modo de afirmar a exclusão. Não é que os cobradores de impostos e as prostitutas entrarão antes e os outros entrarão depois. Na verdade, os primeiros entram e os segundos ficam fora. E isso está de acordo com a parábola, pois o filho mais novo diz inicialmente “sim”, mas não vai trabalhar na vinha. É o que afirma também Jesus: “Digo-vos, pois, se vossa justiça não for maior que a dos escribas e fariseus, não entrareis no Reino dos céus” (Mt 5,20). A parábola procura ressaltar que devemos ser humildes, imitando o próprio Cristo, que cumpriu com fidelidade a vontade do Pai. É o que nos diz São Paulo na segunda leitura: “Não façais nada por rivalidade ou vanglória, mas cada um de vós, com toda humildade, considere os outros superiores a si mesmo” (Fl 2,3). São estes os mesmos sentimentos de Cristo que, despojado da glória divina por amor a nós, fez-se homem e se rebaixou até morrer crucificado (cf. Fl 2,5-8). O apelo à humildade, ao desprendimento, ao dom da vida que Paulo faz aos Filipenses, também é dirigido a todos nós: o cristão deve ter como exemplo esse Cristo, servo sofredor e humilde, que fez da sua vida um dom a todos. Nesta leitura, São Paulo sublinha o amor de Jesus Cristo pela virtude da obediência. Naqueles tempos, a morte de cruz era a mais infame, pois estava reservada aos piores criminosos. Eis porque a máxima expressão do amor de Cristo pelos planos salvíficos do Pai consistiu em ser obediente até à morte. Cristo obedece por amor; este é o sentido da obediência cristã. A obediência é o oposto da soberba, que nos inclina a fazer a vontade própria. São Bento, em sua Regra, faz um grande elogio à obediência, ao mesmo tempo em que condena a soberba (cf. RB 7). Para os discípulos de Jesus a humildade é uma virtude. A palavra latina “humilitas”, tem a ver com “humus”, isto é, com a aderência à terra, à realidade. As pessoas humildes vivem com ambos os pés na terra; mas, sobretudo, escutam Cristo, a Palavra de Deus, que ininterruptamente renova a cada um de nós. É a humildade que nos torna cada dia conscientes de que não somos nós que construímos o Reino de Deus, mas é sempre a graça do Senhor que age em nós; é a humildade que nos impele a dedicarmos inteiramente ao serviço de Cristo, sendo fiéis operários da sua videira. Peçamos ao Senhor que nos conceda a graça de progredirmos sempre na humildade, fundamento de todas as virtudes, pois, pela humildade, reconhecemos a nossa pequenez diante da grandeza do Senhor, que a todo o momento nos chama a trabalhar na sua vinha. Assim seja. Anselmo Chagas de Paiva, OSB Mosteiro de São Bento/RJ O post Homilia do D. Anselmo Chagas de Paiva, OSB – XXVI Domingo do Tempo Comum – Ano A apareceu primeiro em Presbíteros .