Abdullah ibn Ummi Maktum (Khutbah)

Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum, may Allah be pleased with him All praise is due to Allah; we praise Him, seek His help, and ask for His forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evils of our own selves and from the evil of our deeds. Whomsoever Allah guides, none can mislead, and whomsoever He leaves to misguidance, none can guide. And I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger. "O you who have believed, fear Allah as He should be feared and do not die except as Muslims [in submission to Him]." [Al Imran: 102] "O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul and created from it its mate, and dispersed from both of them many men and women. And fear Allah, through whom you ask one another, and the wombs. Indeed, Allah is ever, over you, a Watcher." [An Nisa: 1] "O you who have believed, fear Allah and say words of appropriate conduct. He will correct for you your deeds and forgive you your sins. And whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has attained a great success." [Al Ahzab: 70-71] As for what follows: Indeed, the best of speech is the Book of Allah, and the best of guidance is the guidance of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him and his family. And the worst of matters are those that are newly invented, and every newly invented matter is an innovation, and every innovation is misguidance, and every misguidance is in the Fire. O servants of Allah: Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, revealed the beginning of the Surah "Abasa" (He Frowned), wherein Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, gently reproached His Prophet and His chosen one, peace and blessings be upon him. These verses were brought down by Gabriel, peace be upon him, to the heart of our Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, concerning Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum, the blind man. These verses will be recited until Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, inherits the earth and those upon it. "He frowned and turned away, because there came to him the blind man. But what would make you know? Perhaps he could be purified, or reminded and the reminder would benefit him. But as for he who thinks himself without need, you serve him. And it is not upon you that he should be purified. But he who comes to you striving, and he is fearful, you are distracted from him." [Abasa: 1-10] A group of exegetes mentioned that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was one day addressing some of the great men of Quraysh, hoping for their Islam. While he was addressing them and speaking to them privately, Ibn Umm Maktum came forward. He began asking the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, about something and pressing him on it. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, wished that he would stop for a moment so that he could continue addressing that disbeliever, hoping for his guidance. However, he frowned at Ibn Umm Maktum and turned away from him, and turned to that disbeliever. Thereupon, Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, revealed those verses as a reproach to His Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him. After this reproach, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, honored him, brought him close, and respected him. And when he came, he would say to him: "Do you have any need?" Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum was among those who embraced Islam early; he is among the foremost in Islam. He, may Allah be pleased with him, lived through the trials of the Muslims in Mecca, and tasted the harshness, cruelty, and harm of the polytheists. Yet he did not weaken, waver, or lose his vigor; rather, his faith and certainty increased. His heart was filled with love for Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, and His Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. Thus is faith, O servants of Allah: when its joy mingles with hearts, a person clings to Allah, the Most High, relies upon Him, holds a good opinion of his Lord, the Exalted and Majestic, and is patient with harm in His way. "Among the believers are men who have fulfilled to Allah their covenant. Among them is some who have fulfilled their [deathly] vow, and among them is some who are waiting, and they have not changed [their covenant] in any way." [Al Ahzab: 23] Ibn Umm Maktum’s heart became attached to the Quran, and he was eager to receive it from the mouth of the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him. Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, expanded his chest and elevated his mention, so that he attained a great status with Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, and His Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, and with the believers. After Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, permitted the believers to migrate to Madinah due to the intensification of the harm from Quraysh, Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum migrated to Madinah to save his religion. He and Musayyib ibn Umair, may Allah be pleased with them both, were the first of the companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, to arrive in Madinah. They would go back and forth among the people, teaching them the Noble Quran and instructing them in the religion of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic. When the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, migrated to Madinah and Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, established the Adhan for the five daily prayers, Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum became, along with his brother Bilal ibn Rabah, the muezzins of the Mosque of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. They would resound with the word of Tawhid (Oneness of God) and call the people to the prayer, which brings rest to the body and expansion to the chest. They called the people to that which brings them success in this world and the Hereafter. And the Adhan of Ibn Umm Maktum was the sign of the dawn entering in Ramadan: • It was narrated from Salim ibn Abdullah, from his father, that the Messenger of Allah (may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: "Indeed, Bilal gives the call to prayer during the night, so eat and drink until the son of Umm Maktum gives the call." Then he said: "And he was a blind man; he would not give the call until it was said to him: 'It has dawned, it has dawned'" [1]. This noble Companion followed the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) with a good conduct, and among the Prophet's (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) honor for him was that he appointed him as his deputy in Medina twice during two military expeditions. This blind Companion, who is among those whom Allah, the Most High, has excused from jihad and fighting, insisted that his soul would not refrain from attending the line of battle and participating with the fighting Muslims in their combat against the enemies of Allah, the Most High. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I saw him on the Day of Qadisiyyah wearing armor, with a black banner in his hand. He was an old man, his bones had become thin, his back had become hunched, and his age had advanced. He was blind and could not see, stationed in a fierce and bloody battle lasting three harsh and gloomy days, until Allah, the Most High, granted victory to the people of faith over the Magian Persians. He was among those who were killed as a martyr in this battle, which was led by Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas during the caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with them all)." Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum, the blind man, was found lying dead, embracing the banner of the Muslims. May Allah be pleased with him and with all the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). O Allah, we ask You, by our love for them, to forgive us and admit us, our parents, and the believing men and women into Paradise. I say this and I seek forgiveness from Allah, the Great, for myself and for you, so seek His forgiveness for every sin; He will forgive you, for He is the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful. The Second Sermon Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds; the final outcome is for the pious, and no oppression is except against the wrongdoers. And may prayers and peace be upon the most noble of the prophets and messengers, our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions. Fear Allah, O servants of Allah, and know that you will meet Him, so prepare for yourselves what brings you closer to Allah, the Most High, and to Paradise, and distances you from His wrath and the Fire. Then know, O servants of Allah: that in the story of this man, Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum, there are great benefits and lessons and moral examples: • The greatest and most honorable of them is: steadfastness in the religion of Allah, the Most High. • And determination, patience, and service to the religion. • And that disability, whether blindness, lameness, or the like, does not prevent from noble ambition and diligent work for the benefit of Islam and Muslims. This man: blind, deprived of sight, and yet he did what he did out of faith, righteous deeds, jihad, and calling to the religion. So what can the healthy ones, whom Allah, the Most High, has spared, say? Rather, what does the healthy person say who is a neighbor to the mosque and hears the call to truth piercing the walls of his home, yet does not respond to this great call, through which lies his salvation and success in this world and the Hereafter? • And in his story (may Allah be pleased with him) is the benefit of attachment to Allah, the Most High, and His great Book: "Nay! But it is a reminder. So whoever wills, will remember it. In honored pages, elevated and purified, in the hands of scribes, noble and righteous" [Al-'Abasa: 11-16]. So let us take these righteous and noble ones as our model. [1] Al-Bukhari (517).

عبدالله بن أمِّ مكتوم رضي الله عنه إنَّ الْحَمْدَ لِلهِ، نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ، وَنَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنْ شُرُورِ أَنْفُسِنَا وَمِنْ سَيِّئَاتِ أَعْمَالِنَا، مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللهُ فَلا مُضِلَّ لَهُ، وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلا هَادِي لَهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ . ﴿ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ وَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ ﴾ [آل عمران: 102]. ﴿ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ الَّذِي تَسَاءَلُونَ بِهِ وَالْأَرْحَامَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ رَقِيبًا ﴾ [النساء: 1]. ﴿ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَقُولُوا قَوْلًا سَدِيدًا * يُصْلِحْ لَكُمْ أَعْمَالَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَمَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ فَازَ فَوْزًا عَظِيمًا ﴾ [الأحزاب: 70: 71]، أَمَّا بَعْدُ: فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتَابُ اللهِ، وَخَيْرَ الْهَدْيِ هَدْيُ مُحَمَّدٍ صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم، وَشَرَّ الأُمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا، وَكُلَّ مُحْدَثَةٍ بِدْعَةٌ، وَكُلَّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلالَةٌ، وَكُلَّ ضَلالَةٍ فِي النَّارِ. عباد الله: قد أنزل الله عز وجل صدر سورة ((عبس)) يُعاتب الله عز وجل فيها نبيَّه ومصطفاه صلى الله عليه وسلم ألطَفَ معاتبة، آياتٌ نزل بها جبريل عليه السلام على قلب نبينا صلى الله عليه وسلم في شأن عبدالله بن أم مكتوم الأعمى، آياتٌ تُتْلى إلى أن يرث الله عز وجل الأرض ومن عليها. ﴿ عَبَسَ وَتَوَلَّى * أَنْ جَاءَهُ الْأَعْمَى * وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّهُ يَزَّكَّى * أَوْ يَذَّكَّرُ فَتَنْفَعَهُ الذِّكْرَى * أَمَّا مَنِ اسْتَغْنَى * فَأَنْتَ لَهُ تَصَدَّى * وَمَا عَلَيْكَ أَلَّا يَزَّكَّى * وَأَمَّا مَنْ جَاءَكَ يَسْعَى * وَهُوَ يَخْشَى * فَأَنْتَ عَنْهُ تَلَهَّى ﴾ [عبس: 1 - 10]. ذكرَ جمعٌ من المفسرين أنَّ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يومًا يخاطب بعض عظماء قريش وقد طمع في إسلامه، فبينما هو يخاطبه ويُناجيه إذ أقبل ابن أم مكتوم، فجعل يسأل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن شيء ويلحُّ عليه وودَّ النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن لو كف ساعته ليتمكن من مخاطبة ذلك الكافر طمعًا في هدايته، ولكنَّه عبس في وجه ابن أم مكتوم وأعرض عنه، وأقبل على ذلك الكافر، فأنزل الله عز وجل تلك الآيات معاتبةً لنبيِّه صلى الله عليه وسلم. وكان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم بعد هذه المعاتبة يُكرمه ويُدنيه ويُجلُّه، وإذا جاء قال له: هل لك من حاجة؟ وعبدالله بن أم مكتوم ممَّن أسلم قديمًا، فهو من السابقين إلى الإسلام. عاش رضي الله عنه محنة المسلمين في مكة، وذاق من بطش المشركين وقسوتهم وأذاهم، فما ضعف ولا تزعزع ولا فتر نشاطُه، بل ازداد إيمانًا ويقينًا. امتلأ قلبه بحب الله عز وجل ورسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وهكذا الإيمان عباد الله: إذا خالطت بشاشته القلوب تعلَّقَ المرء بالله تعالى وتَوكَّلَ عليه وأحسن الظنَّ بربه عز وجل وصَبَرَ على الأذى في سبيله، ﴿ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ قَضَى نَحْبَهُ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْتَظِرُ وَمَا بَدَّلُوا تَبْدِيلًا ﴾ [الأحزاب: 23]. فابن أمِّ مكتوم تَعلَّق قلبُه بالقرآن، وحرص على تلقيه مِنْ فِي الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم. شرح الله عز وجل صدره وأعلَى ذكره حتى حظيَ بالمكانة العظيمة عند الله عز وجل ورسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم وعند المؤمنين. وبعد أن أذِنَ الله عز وجل للمؤمنين بالهجرة إلى المدينة لما اشتدَّ عليهم أذى قريش، هاجر عبدالله بن أمِّ مكتوم إلى المدينة فرارًا بدينه وكان هو ومصعب بن عمير رضي الله عنهما أوَّلَ من قَدِمَ المدينة من أصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. فصارا يتردَّدان على الناس ويقرئهما القرآن الكريم ويعلِّمهما دين الله عز وجل. ولما هاجر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى المدينة وشرع الله عز وجل الأذان للصلوات الخمس صار عبدالله بن أمِّ مكتوم مع أخيه بلال بن رباح مؤذنين لمسجد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، يصدعان بكلمة التوحيد ويدعوان الناس إلى الصلاة التي بها راحة البدن وانشراح الصدر، يدعوان الناس إلى ما فيه فلاحهم في الدنيا والآخرة، وقد كان أذان ابن أم مكتوم علامة دخول الفجر في رمضان: • عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِاللَّهِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: "إِنَّ بِلالًا يُؤَذِّنُ بِلَيْلٍ، فَكُلُوا وَاشْرَبُوا حَتَّى يُنَادِيَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ»، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَكَانَ رَجُلًا أَعْمَى، لا يُنَادِي حَتَّى يُقَالَ لَهُ: أَصْبَحْتَ أَصْبَحْتَ" [1] . وقد سار هذا الصحابي الجليل مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم سيرةً حسنة، وكان من إكرام النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم له أن استخلفه على المدينة مرتين في غزوتين. وهذا الصحابي الأعمى الذي هو ممَّن أعذره الله عز وجل عن الجهاد والقتال: أبَت نفسه إلَّا أن يحضرَ صفَّ القتال ويُشارك المسلمين المجاهدين في قتالهم أعداء الله عز وجل. قال أَنَسٍ رضي الله عنه: رأيته يوم القادسية عَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ، وَمَعَهُ رَايَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ، شيخٌ كبيرٌ، رَقَّ عظمه، واحْدَوْدَبَ ظَهْرُه، وكبر سِنُّه، وهو أعمى لا يبصر، رابط في معركةٍ داميةٍ شديدةٍ في ثلاثة أيام قاسية عابسة إلى أن نَصَرَ الله عز وجل أهل الإيمان على الفُرس المجوس، وكان ممَّن قُتِلَ شهيدًا في هذه المعركة التي تولَّى قيادتها سعد بن أبي وقاص في عهد الخليفة عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنهم. وُجِدَ عبدالله بن أمِّ مكتوم الأعمى صريعًا وهو يُعانق راية المسلمين، رضي الله عنه وعن سائر صحابة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. اللهم إنَّا نسألك بحبِّنا إيَّاهم أن تغفر لنا وتدخلنا الجنة ووالدينا والمؤمنين والمؤمنات. أقول قولي هذا وأستغفر الله العظيم لي ولكم فاستغفروه من كل ذنب يغفر لكم إنَّه هو الغفور الرحيم. الخطبة الثانية الحمد لله رب العالمين، والعاقبة للمتقين، ولا عدوان إلَّا على الظالمين، والصلاة والسلام على أشرف الأنبياء والمرسلين، نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين. اتقوا الله عباد الله واعلموا أنَّكم ملاقوه فقدِّموا لأنفسكم ما يُقرِّبكم إلى الله عز وجل والجنة ويُباعدكم عن سخطه والنار. ثم لتعلموا عباد الله: أنَّ في قصة هذا الرجل عبد الله بن أمِّ مكتوم فوائد عظيمة ودروسًا وعبرًا: • أعظمها وأجلُّها: الثبات على دين الله عز وجل. • والعزيمة والصبر وخدمة الدين. • وأنَّ الإعاقة من عمى أو عرج أو نحو ذلك لا تمنع من الطموح الحسن والعمل الدؤوب لصالح الإسلام والمسلمين. هذا الرجل: أعمى فاقد البصر وقد عمل ما عمل من إيمان وعمل صالح وجهاد ودعوة، فما عسى أن يقول الأصحَّاء الذين عافاهم الله عز وجل، بل ما يقول الصحيح وهو جار المسجد وهو يسمع نداء الحق يخترق جدران بيته ولا يُلبِّي هذا النداء العظيم الذي به نجاتُه وفلاحُه في الدنيا والآخرة. • وفي قصته رضي الله عنه فائدة التعلُّق بالله عز وجل وكتابه العظيم، ﴿ كَلَّا إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ * فَمَنْ شَاءَ ذَكَرَهُ * فِي صُحُفٍ مُكَرَّمَةٍ * مَرْفُوعَةٍ مُطَهَّرَةٍ * بِأَيْدِي سَفَرَةٍ * كِرَامٍ بَرَرَةٍ ﴾ [عبس: 11 - 16]. ألا فلنقدتي بهؤلاء الصالحين النُّبَلاء. [1] البخاري (517).